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Том 19 №2 2017 год - Нефрология и диализ
Экспериментальные модели острого почечного повреждения
Комиссаров К.С.
Пилотович В.С.
Юркевич М.Ю.
Дмитриева М.В.
Зафранская М.М.
DOI: 10.28996/1680-4422-2017-2-287-294
Аннотация: Для изучения патогенетических механизмов острого почечного повреждения (ОПП) различной этиологии и оценки эффективности нефропротективных мероприятий было разработано значительное количество экспериментальных работ на животных, которые воссоздают клиническое течение различных форм почечной недостаточности. Детальное описание имеющихся моделей ОПП у животных позволит понять специфику проведения конкретного эксперимента и правильно интерпретировать полученные результаты. Введение глицерина индуцирует повреждение почек, которое возникает при рабдомиолизе. Использование в эксперименте лекарственных средств таких, как гентамицин, цисплатин, ифосфамид, диклофенак, стимулирует развитие ОПП, которое наблюдается при назначении соответствующего препарата в медицинской практике. Модель контраст-индуцированной ОПП имитирует у животных почечную недостаточность, возникающую во время ангиографических исследований с использованием радиоконтрастных веществ. Для создания модели ОПП, связанной с действием вредных факторов, распространенных в окружающей среде, используют соли урана, хрома. Почечные дисфункции, возникающие при воздействии загрязненной воды, симулируются введением нитрилотриацетата и 1,2-дихлорвинил-L-цистеина. Нарушение функции почек при генерализованной инфекции изучается на модели сепсис-индуцированной ОПП. Различные экспериментальные модели ишемически-реперфузионного (И/Р) ОПП симулируют гемодинамические нарушения, происходящие при снижение почечного кровотока. В данной работе представлен детальный протокол экспериментальной модели И/Р ОПП у крыс вследствие билатерального клипирования почечных ножек с описанием технических вопросов, возможных вариантов модели, их особенностей а также решение сложностей, которые могут встретиться во время проведения эксперимента.
Для цитирования: Комиссаров К.С., Пилотович В.С., Юркевич М.Ю., Дмитриева М.В., Зафранская М.М. Экспериментальные модели острого почечного повреждения. Нефрология и диализ. 2017. 19(2):287-294. doi: 10.28996/1680-4422-2017-2-287-294
Весь текст
Ключевые слова: острое почечное повреждение,
лабораторные животные,
эксперимент,
глицерин,
гентамицин,
цисплатин,
диклофенак,
сепсис,
уран,
ишемически-реперфузионное повреждение,
acute kidney injury,
laboratory animals,
experiment,
glycerol,
gentamicin,
cisplatin,
diclofenac,
sepsis,
uranium,
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